anpcworld.com

13. JEEP INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AGRIBUSINESS CONFERENCE - MAK 2026

INFLUENCE OF NPK REGIMES ON WHEAT AGRONOMIC AND SOIL MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS

Stanka Pešić, Danica Mićanović, Dragan Božović, Igor Vukelić, Gordana Racić

Abstracts

Wheat agronomic traits and soil microbial activity were closely shaped by NPK supply. Moderate to high fertilization improved plant height, thousand grain weight and yield, while the number of grains per spike remained relatively stable. Number of Azotobacter spp. and soil dehydrogenase activity increased with nutrient input, ammonifiers increased mainly at higher rates, and actinomycetes did not change significantly. Statistical results confirm the importance of balanced NPK management for enhancing both wheat productivity and soil biology.

Keywords

Agronomic traits, Triticum aestivum L., DHA

Acknowledgment

This research was supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, grant number 451-03-136/2025-03/200054.

References

  1. 1. Akmal, M., Altaf, M. S., Hayat, R., Hassan, F.U., Islam, M. (2012). Temporal changes in soil urease, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity in rainfed wheat field of Pakistan. Journal of Animal and plant Sciences, 22(2).
  2. 2. Allison, S.D., Martiny, J.B. (2008). Resistance, resilience, and redundancy in microbial communities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(supplement_1), 11512- 11519.
  3. 3. Amjadian, M., Hassani, A., Hafezian, M. (2021). Effects of fertilizer management systems on growth and balance of nutrients in wheat cultivation. Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovations, 2(2), 56-69.
  4. 4. Dhiman, D., Sharma, R., Sankhyan, N. K., Sepehya, S., Sharma, S. K., Kumar, R. (2019). Effect of regular application of fertilizers, manure and lime on soil health and productivity of wheat in an acid Alfisol. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(19), 2507-2521. Dolijanović, Ž., Roljević Nikolić, S., Šeremešić, S., Jug, D., Biljić, M., Pešić, S., Kovačević, D. (2025). Effects of Conservation Tillage and Nitrogen Management on Yield, Grain Quality, and Weed Infestation in Winter Wheat. Agronomy, 15, 1742.
  5. 5. Durham, T.C., Mizik, T. (2021). Comparative economics of conventional, organic, and alternative agricultural production systems. Economies, 9(2), 64.
  6. 6. Erenstein, O., Jaleta, M., Mottaleb, K.A., Sonder, K., Donovan, J., Braun, H.J. (2022). Global trends in wheat production, consumption and trade. In Wheat improvement: food security in a changing climate. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 47-66.
  7. 7. Filip, E., Woronko, K., Stępień, E., Czarniecka, N. (2023). An overview of factors affecting the functional quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International journal of molecular sciences, 24(8), 7524.
  8. 8. Geisseler, D., Scow, K.M. (2014). Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms- A review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 75, 54-63.
  9. 9. Guo, Z., Wan, S., Hua, K., Yin, Y., Chu, H., Wang, D., Guo, X. (2020). Fertilization regime has a greater effect on soil microbial community structure than crop rotation and growth stage in an agroecosystem. Applied Soil Ecology, 149, 103510.
  10. 10. Hou, P., Li, B., Cao, E., Liu, Z., Li, Y., Sun, Z., Ma, C. (2025). Optimizing nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application for wheat yield on alkali soils: Mechanisms and effects. Agronomy, 15(3), 734.
  11. 11. Irfan, M., Abbas, M., Shah, J.A., Memon, M.Y. (2018). Grain yield, nutrient accumulation and fertilizer efficiency in bread wheat under variable nitrogen and phosphorus regimes. Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 14, 80-86.
  12. 12. Ivanova, A.M., Atanasova, P.N., Konsulova-Bakalova, M.I. (2024). Winter wheat varieties responsiveness to soil and foliar fertilization. In BIO Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences, 122, p. 01027.
  13. 13. Kaur, H., Gosal, S.K., Walia, S.S. (2017). Synergistic effect of organic, inorganic and biofertilizers on soil microbial activities in rhizospheric soil of green pea. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 12(4), 1-11.
  14. 14. Khalid, A., Hameed, A., Tahir, M.F. (2023). Wheat quality: A review on chemical composition, nutritional attributes, grain anatomy, types, classification, and function of seed storage proteins in bread making quality. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1053196.
  15. 15. Li, W., Kuzyakov, Y., Zheng, Y., Liu, M., Wu, M., Dong, Y., Li, Z. (2022). Effect of long-term fertilisation on enzyme activities and microbial community composition in the rice rhizosphere. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B-Soil & Plant Science, 72(1), 454-462.
  16. 16. Liu, D., Song, C., Fang, C., Xin, Z., Xi, J., Lu, Y. (2021). A recommended nitrogen application strategy for high crop yield and low environmental pollution at a basin scale. Science of the Total Environment, 792, 148464.
  17. 17. Malghani, A.L., Malik, A.U., Sattar, A., Hussain, F., Abbas, G., Hussain, J. (2010). Response of growth and yield of wheat to NPK fertilizer. Sci. Int, 24(2), 185-189.
  18. 18. Minov, I., Ilieva, V., Ruzdik, N.M. (2024). Yield and yield components in some wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in Kocani region. Journal of Agriculture and Plant Sciences, 22(2), 45-51.
  19. 19. Mrkovački, N.B., Mezei, S.M., Čačić, N.A. (2003). Population dynamics of Azotobacter chroococcum in sugarbeet rhizosphere depending on mineral nutrition. Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, 104, 91-97.
  20. 20. Murindangabo, Y.T., Hoang, T.N., Habarurema, I., Konvalina, P., Niyibituronsa, M., Byukusenge, P., Mbasabire, P., Uwihanganye, J., Bwimba, R., Ntezimana, M.G. (2025). Linking Yield, Baking Quality, and Rheological Properties to Guide Sustainable Improvement of Rwandan Wheat Varieties. Agriculture, 15, 2160.
  21. 21. Mikos-Szymańska, M., Borowik, M., Wyzińska, M., Rusek, P. (2018). Effects of different fertilizer treatments on grain yield and yield components of spring wheat. Research for rural development, 2, 100-106.
  22. 22. Racić, G., Körmöczi, P., Kredics, L., Raičević, V., Mutavdžić, B., Vrvić, M., Panković D. (2017). Effect of the edaphic factors and metal content in soil on the diversity of Trichoderma spp.. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(4), 3375-3386.
  23. 23. Rai, A., Sarkar, S. (2025). Adapting Soil and Nutrient Management to a Changing Climate: Emerging Innovations and Policy Priorities. In Drought and Heat Stress in Agriculture: Implications, Mitigation and Policy Approaches. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 279- 313.
  24. 24. Rawal, N., Pande, K.R., Shrestha, R., Vista, S.P. (2022). Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by NPK fertilization. Plos one, 17(1), e0262771.
  25. 25. Roljević, N.S., Dolijanović, Ž.K., Kovačević, D.Đ., Oljača, S.I., Majstorović, H.J. (2022). Soil biogenicity in the rhizosphere of different wheat genotypes under the impact of fertilization treatment. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade), 67(4), 367-380.
  26. 26. Rusek, P., Mikos-Szymanska, M., Karsznia, M., Sienkiewicz-Cholewa, U., Igras, J. (2016). The effectiveness of nitrogenphosphorus fertilization in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 22(5), 752-755.
  27. 27. Samimi, A.S., Thomas, T. (2016). Effects of different levels of NPK on yield by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 3(5), 224- 227.
  28. 28. Shrestha, A., Thapa, S., Shrestha, R.K., Shrestha, A., Awasthi, P., Ranabhat, S. (2025). Effect of Azotobacter in Association with Other Nutrient Sources on Soil Properties in Maize (Zea mays) Field of Nawalpur, Nepal. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 13(5), 1241-1247.
  29. 29. Wang, L., Hamel, C., Lu, P., Wang, J., Sun, D., Wang, Y., Gan, G.Y. (2023). Using enzyme activities as an indicator of soil fertility in grassland-an academic dilemma. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1175946.